1. Guhuza ibiranga imiterere yakarere, guteza imbere iterambere rusange rihuriweho
Ubushinwa bufite umutungo munini kandi butandukanye cyane mukarere mubidukikije, imiterere, ubuhinzi, ubukungu n'imibereho myiza. Hashyizweho ubuhinzi bw’akarere n’ubuhinzi bushingiye ku buhinzi. Gukoresha imashini zikoresha ubuhinzi byashyize imbere igihugu, intara (umujyi, akarere kigenga) hamwe n’ibice birenga 1000 byo ku rwego rw’intara. Kugirango twige ingamba ziterambere ryibiryo n’ibikoresho byo gupakira bikurikije imiterere y’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa, ni ngombwa kwiga itandukaniro ry’akarere rigira ingaruka ku mibare n’iterambere ry’imashini z’ibiribwa, no kwiga no gushyiraho amashami y’ibiribwa. Ukurikije ubwinshi, mu Bushinwa bwo mu majyaruguru no mu majyepfo y’umugezi wa Yangtze, usibye isukari, ibindi biribwa birashobora kwimurwa; Ahubwo, mu Bushinwa bwo mu majyepfo, usibye isukari, ibindi biribwa bigomba gutumizwa mu mahanga no gukonjeshwa, kandi aho abashumba bakeneye ibikoresho bya mashini nko kubaga, gutwara, gukonjesha no kogosha. Nigute ushobora gusobanura mu buryo burambye icyerekezo kirekire cyiterambere ryibiribwa n’imashini zipakira, kugereranya ubwinshi nubwinshi bwibisabwa, kandi ugashyira mu bikorwa mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro uburyo bwo gutunganya ibiribwa n’inganda zikora imashini zikoresha ibiribwa ni ingingo ya tekiniki n’ubukungu ikwiye kwigwa cyane. Ubushakashatsi ku kugabana imashini zita ku biribwa, sisitemu no gutegura neza ni umurimo wibanze wa tekiniki kubushakashatsi.
2. Shira mubikorwa ikoranabuhanga kandi uzamure ubushobozi bwiterambere ryigenga
Gusya no kwinjiza tekinoloji yatangijwe bigomba gushingira ku kuzamura ubushobozi bwiterambere ryigenga ninganda. Tugomba kwigira kuburambe hamwe namasomo twakuye mubikorwa byo gukurura no gusya tekinoroji yatumijwe mu myaka ya za 1980. Mu bihe biri imbere, tekinoroji yatumijwe mu mahanga igomba guhuzwa cyane n’ibikenewe ku isoko hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mpuzamahanga, hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rishya nkibyingenzi n’ibishushanyo mbonera n’inganda zikora nk'inyongera. Kwinjiza ikoranabuhanga bigomba guhuzwa nubushakashatsi bwa tekiniki nubushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi, kandi hagomba gutangwa amafaranga ahagije yo gusya no kuyakira. Binyuze mubushakashatsi bwa tekiniki nubushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi, dukwiye rwose kumenya ubuhanga bwamahanga bwateye imbere nibitekerezo byo gushushanya, uburyo bwo gushushanya, uburyo bwo kugerageza, amakuru yingenzi yo gushushanya, tekinoroji yubukorikori nubundi bumenyi bwa tekiniki, hanyuma buhoro buhoro tugakora ubushobozi bwiterambere ryigenga no gutera imbere no guhanga udushya.
3. Gushiraho ikigo cyibizamini, gushimangira ubushakashatsi bwibanze kandi bukoreshwa
Iterambere ryimashini zipakira no gupakira mubihugu byateye imbere mu nganda bishingiye ku bushakashatsi bwimbitse. Kugira ngo tugere ku ntego y’iterambere ry’inganda mu mwaka wa 2010 no gushyiraho urufatiro rw’iterambere ry’ejo hazaza, tugomba guha agaciro kubaka inyubako z’ubushakashatsi. Bitewe nimpamvu zamateka, imbaraga zubushakashatsi nuburyo bwubushakashatsi bwinganda ntabwo ari intege nke cyane kandi ziratatanye, ariko kandi ntabwo zikoreshwa neza. Tugomba gutunganya imbaraga zubushakashatsi buriho dukoresheje iperereza, gutunganya no guhuza ibikorwa, no gukora igabana ryakazi.
4. Gukoresha ubutinyutsi imari shingiro yamahanga no kwihutisha umuvuduko wo guhindura imishinga
Bitewe no gutangira gutinda, umusingi mubi, gukusanya nabi no kwishyura inguzanyo, inganda z’ibiribwa n’imashini zipakira mu Bushinwa ntizishobora gutera imbere zidafite amafaranga, kandi ntishobora gusya inguzanyo. Kubera amikoro make yigihugu yigihugu, biragoye gushora amafaranga menshi kugirango habeho impinduka nini mu ikoranabuhanga. Kubwibyo, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryibigo rirabujijwe cyane kandi rihagaze kurwego rwambere igihe kirekire. Mu myaka icumi ishize, ibintu ntabwo byahindutse cyane, ni ngombwa rero gukoresha imari y’amahanga kugirango uhindure imishinga yambere.
5. Gutezimbere rwose amatsinda manini yimishinga
Inganda z’ibiribwa n’ibipfunyika mu Bushinwa ahanini ni imishinga mito n'iciriritse, idafite imbaraga za tekiniki, kutagira ubushobozi bwo kwiteza imbere, biragoye kugera ku musaruro mwinshi w'ikoranabuhanga, bigoye guhaza isoko rihora rihinduka. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Ubushinwa bw’ibiribwa n’ibipfunyika bigomba gufata inzira y’itsinda ry’imishinga, kurenga imipaka imwe, gutunganya amoko atandukanye y’amatsinda y’imishinga, ibigo by’ubushakashatsi na za kaminuza, gushimangira guhuza imishinga, kwinjira mu matsinda y’ibigo niba bibaye ngombwa, kandi bigahinduka ikigo cy’iterambere n’ikigo cyita ku bakozi b’amatsinda y’ibigo. Ukurikije ibiranga inganda, inzego za leta zibishinzwe zigomba gufata ingamba zihamye zo gushyigikira iterambere ryihuse ry’amatsinda y’inganda mu nganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-04-2021